Coming back after staying 5 months in US and passport expiring soon

My mother came to US in June 2022 and returned in Nov 2022 on visitor visa.

Her passport expires in May 2023. Her visitor visa expires in June 2023.

Can she come back to US as soon as she gets her new passport in India and stay until end of May 2023?

Will this cause problems when she tries to renew her visitor visa?

Yes. She can stay till the expiry of I-94 issued by CBP so make sure to double check the admit until date on the online I-94.

No.